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Humans help each other ¡Ý it's one of the foundations of civilized society. But a new scientific report citing three studies shows that a lack of sleep makes people less helpful and less generous. These studies used different techniques such as brain scans, interviews, surveys, and other quantitative methods. The brain scans showed that the parts of the brain which enable people to empathize with and understand others are less active after a sleepless night. Poor sleep quality also lowered people's desire to help others, such as holding an elevator door open for someone else, volunteering, or helping an injured stranger on the street. The analysis of 3 million charitable donations in the United States between 2001 and 2016 also found a 10% drop in donations after the transition to Daylight Saving Time ¡½ the practice of setting the clock forward one hour when summer arrives. As the time transition happens at midnight, if people sleep at their usual time and wake up at their usual time, people would have slept for one hour less. The report points out that our society often thinks sleep is unnecessary or a waste of time, but not having enough sleep can actually have social consequences. It concludes that sleeping is the best form of kindness we can offer ourselves, as well as the people around us.
½Ðŵ¡§Robert Sanders, "Sleepless and Selfish: Lack of Sleep Makes Us Less Generous," Berkeley News, August 23, 2022¤ÎÍ×Ìó(https://news.berkeley.edu/2022/08/23/sleepless-and-selfish-lack-of-sleep-makes-us-less-generous/)
Question
Based on the above article, discuss how your sleep quality and quantity could affect your helpfulness and generosity toward others. Provide specific examples to illustrate your points.
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Sleep quality and quantity have a significant impact on ~
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¡Ö´¶¾ð¤Î¥³¥ó¥È¥í¡¼¥ë¡×emotional regulation
¡Ö¼Ò²ñŪ¤Ê¡ÊÂпÍŪ¤Ê¡Ë¤Õ¤ë¤Þ¤¤¡×social behavior
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Lack of sleep often leads to irritability, mood swings, and a heightened emotional response.
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A person who is sleep-deprived may feel more impatient, frustrated, or overwhelmed, which can reduce their willingness to be helpful or generous.
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After a night of poor sleep, you might find yourself easily annoyed by minor mistakes or less inclined to assist a colleague who is struggling, simply because your tolerance for stress is lower.
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Sleep deprivation has been shown to reduce empathy—the ability to understand and share the feelings of others.
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A lack of sleep can blunt your sensitivity to others' emotions, making you less likely to notice when someone could use your help.
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If you are well-rested, you might pick up on subtle signs that they need support, such as a change in tone or body language, and offer to lend an ear or help out in a meaningful way.
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I think poor sleep quality and quantity badly affect my helpfulness and generosity towards others. I always study late at night before term exams. The quality of my sleep is also poor, because I don¡Çt feel sleep well from the anxiety over the tests. At that time, I am very nervous, and I can¡Çt be kind to my friends. I don¡Çt give a seat to an elderly person when I am on a train. This may be because I am tired from lack of sleep. (85 words)
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2) Do you agree that it is important for the Japanese government to promote the study of Japanese as a foreign language? State your opinion, giving two reasons why or why not. Start your response simply with "Yes" or "No," directly followed by your reasons. Your response should be written in English and be about 80 words long.
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¢¨¤³¤³¤ÇÃí°Õ¤·¤¿¤¤¤Î¤Ï¡¢ÀßÌäʸ¤Ëͤë¡ÈJapanese as a foreign language¡É¡Ö³°¹ñ¸ì¤È¤·¤Æ¤ÎÆüËܸì¡×¤È¤¤¤¦¤â¤Î¤À¡£¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢»ä¤¿¤ÁÆüËܿͤ¬¡¢³Ø¹»¤Ç¶µ¤ï¤ë¡Ö¹ñ¸ì¡×¤È¤Ï°ã¤¤¡¢³°¹ñ¿Í¤¬¡¢¼«Ê¬¤ÎÊì¸ì°Ê³°¤Î³°¹ñ¸ì¤È¤·¤ÆÆüËܸì¤ò³Ø½¬¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
¡¦ÆüËܿͤϡ¢³Ø¹»¤Ç¡Ö±Ñ¸ì¡×¤ò³Ø½¬¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤¬¡¢¤³¤Î¡Ö±Ñ¸ì¡×¤¬¡ÈEnglish as a foreign language¡É¤À¡£ÆüËܿͤˤȤäơ¢±Ñ¸ì¤ÏÆü¾ï¤ÎÀ¸³è¤Ç»È¤¦¤ï¤±¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤·¡¢±Ñ¸ì¤¬¤Ç¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¡¢¤â¤Î¤âÇ㤨¤Ê¤¤¡¢½¢¿¦¤â¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¡¢°Õ»×ÁÂÄ̤â¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¡¢¤È¤¤¤¦¤ï¤±¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£±Ñ¸ì¤Ï¤¢¤¯¤Þ¤Ç¤â¡¢¼ñÌ£¤ä¡¢¤¤¤Ä¤«³°¹ñ¤Î¿Í¤È²ñ¤Ã¤¿¤éÏäò³Ú¤·¤à¤È¤«¡¢Æþ»î¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤«¤é»ÅÊý¤Ê¤¯¤È¤«¡¢¤½¤ÎÍͤʰռ±¤äÌÜŪ¤Ç³Ø½¬¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤À¡£¤³¤ì¤ÈƱ¤¸¤³¤È¤¬¡¢¡ÈJapanese as a foreign language¡É¤Ë¤â¸À¤¨¤ë¡£
¡¦¤³¤Î¡ÈJapanese as a foreign language¡É¤Î³Ø½¬¤òÀ¯Éܤ¬¿ä¿Ê¤¹¤ë¤Î¤¬¤è¤¤¤«¡¢¤É¤¦¤«¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ°Õ¸«¤ò½Ò¤Ù¤ë¤ï¤±¤À¤¬¡¢¿ä¿Ê¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¯Âоݤϡ¢³°¹ñ¤Î¿Í¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¡¢¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤Î¤Ç´ª¤Á¤¬¤¤¤·¤Æ¡¢¼«Ê¬¤Î°Õ¸«¤ò½Ò¤Ù¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¡£
¡¦¡Ö³°¹ñ¸ì¡×¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Î²ñÏÃʸ¤òÆɤó¤À¤¦¤¨¤Ç¡¢¼«Ê¬¤Î°Õ¸«¤ò½Ò¤Ù¤Æ¤¤¤¯¤ï¤±¤À¤¬¡¢²ñÏÃʸËÜʸ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢³°¹ñ¸ì¤È¤·¤Æ¤ÎÆüËܸì¤ò³Ø½¬¤·¤Æ¤¤¿Î±³ØÀ¸¤ÎÂ賤¬½Ò¤Ù¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£¤½¤ÎÉôʬ¤ò²¡¤µ¤¨¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤È¡¢¡ÈJapanese as a foreign language¡É¤¬¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¿Í¤¿¤Á¤Ë¡¢¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÌÜŪ¤Ç³Ø½¬¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤«¤¬Ê¬¤«¤ê¡¢¼«Ê¬¤Î°Õ¸«¤Îº¬µò¤¬ºî¤ê¤ä¤¹¤¯¤Ê¤ë¡£
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I want to work at a Japanese company in the future.
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Japanese is very popular in my home country of Indonesia, so there were many Japanese classes available at my university.
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I started studying Japanese because I love anime.
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There were some Japanese classes at my university, but they only covered up to the intermediate level, so I did most of my studying on my own by watching anime.
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A lot of people in the United States get into Japanese through subculture such as anime and video games
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my motivation was architecture.
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After taking a course in Japanese architecture at college, I was so impressed that I decided to study abroad in Japan for a year.
¡¦ËÜʸ¤òÆɤà¤È¡¢ÀßÌä¡ÈDo you agree that it is important for the Japanese government to promote the study of Japanese as a foreign language?¡É¤Ë¤ÏYes¤ÈÅú¤¨¤¿Êý¤¬³Ú¤Ç¡¢Íýͳ¤òµó¤²¤ä¤¹¤¤¤¤¡£Íýͳ¤Ï¡¢2¤Äµó¤²¤ë¤³¤È¤¬ÀßÌä¤Ç»Ø¼¨¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
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It enhances Japan's soft power by increasing interest in its culture, arts, media, and lifestyle.
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It helps people understand Japanese culture, history, and traditions, and strengthens Japan's cultural diplomacy.
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It can improve visitors' experiences and attract more tourists. It also helps tourists navigate the country more easily and creates more job opportunities in the tourism sector.
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It can enhance academic collaboration, research opportunities, and the exchange of ideas between Japan and other countries.
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It can strengthen international relations and diplomatic ties, as language skills are crucial for communication, negotiation, and building trust among nations.
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It helps foster a more inclusive and diverse global community. It can help break down cultural barriers and promote mutual understanding between Japan and other countries.
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Yes, I agree. First, there are a lot of people in the world who are interested in Japanese pop culture and want to study Japanese, but there aren¡Çt enough classes teaching Japanese at school in their countries. Second, the promotion of the study of Japanese will lead to the increase in the number of foreign students in Japan. Students who study Japanese will want to study in Japan, which would help universities suffering from the decline in the number of students. (81 words)
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In addition to a lack of access to financial resources, many students from low-income backgrounds don't have a parent with college experience. The value of someone who can give experience-based guidance can't be quantified, but its absence has real impact. For example, who can help resolve the problem that arises when a student misses a critical deadline for on-campus housing, and as its consequence the only housing options available are ones that the student can't afford?
For students from low-income backgrounds, the obstacles of unanticipated financial needs or navigating unfamiliar systems aren't simple. They are often the beginning of a painful journey of the degradation of their dignity. (D) Facing financial problems not of their own making, these students feel anxious about failing to live up to the high expectations of the many people who have helped them get to where they are.
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1. Being honest at all times is not always easy.
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2. Being honest at all times, he is trusted be everybody.
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3. My father sat reading the newspaper.
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4. I¡Çve not finished reading the novel yet.
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5. Do you know the woman talking to Tom?
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6. The woman was talking to Tom.
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Reading in bed is not good for the eyes. (ư̾»ì)
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Walking along the stream, I met a group of hikers. (ʬ»ì¹½Ê¸)
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(Îã) The doctor insisted on operating as soon as possible.
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¢ªmind, enjoy, give up, avoid, finish, escape, put off, stop, consider, deny¡¡
(Îã) I enjoy going for a walk every morning.
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(Îã)This problem is not as difficult as that.=This problem is less difficult than that.
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(Îã)No other boy in this class is as tall as he.¡áNo other boy in this class is taller than he.
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(Îã)Nothing is so precious as time. =Nothing is more precious than time.
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(= This is the tallest building (that) I have ever seen.)
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(Îã) I have never seen such a beautiful sight as this.
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¡ÊÎã¡ËA whale is no more a fish than a horse is (a fish).
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(Îã) Sarah causes the least trouble of all the pupils.
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(Îã)Frozen fish is good, but fresh fish is much better.
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The economic statistics illustrate what is at stake. In 1980, people with a four-year college degree earned, on average, 64 percent more than people without a degree. Now that figure is nearly 100 percent more. Among Americans with a BA degree or more, about 5.8 percent. live below the poverty line; among those with just a high school degree, the figure is 22 percent. (A)Education has never been more essential to economic survival.
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The dinner I had at the restaurant was expensive! Until then, I had never spent so much on one meal.
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He had never faced such a dilemma.
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He¡Çs never been to Australia.
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I never get to bed before 11.
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She was never on time.
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